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Breaking Beans Radio Show #31: H2A Workers in Kentucky


The Farm Workforce Modernization Act of 2019 was passed in the House of Representatives with a vote of 260 to 165 on December 11th, 2019. The bill will now move to the Senate as it continues through the legislative process in Congress. This bipartisan bill aims to make some changes to the H2A program and aid undocumented farmworkers in the United States.  According to the Kentucky Career Center, over 763 Kentucky farmers are utilizing the H-2A temporary agricultural workers program bringing over 3,500 guest workers into Kentucky. The H-2A visa program helps American farmers fill employment gaps by hiring workers from other countries.

In this hour, listeners will hear several perspectives on H2A in Kentucky. Ben Abell of RootBound Farm in Oldham Co. and Ford Waterstrat of Sustainable Harvest in London, Ky, talked about their experiences with maintaining farm labor and having H2A workers on their farms the past two seasons. Juan Carlos, one of the H2A workers at RootBound Farm shares what the program means to him, and Stephen Barlett of the Farm Labor Organizing Committee talk a little bit about the issues that farmworkers face.

Photo: Ford Waterstrat & Family, Sustainable Harvest Farm

Photo: Ben Abell, RootBound Farm

Photo: Juan Carlos, RootBound Farm

Currently, we are standing up against Senate Bill 1 for a full op-ed by featured guests, Ben Abell and Bree Pearsall, visit the Community Farm Alliance website at cfaky.org/take-action/. To take action in protecting our immigrant neighbors and agricultural communities. Call 1-800-372-7181 and ask your Senator to vote NO on SB 1.

 

Resources Used in this Episode:

The Farms:

Sustainable Harvest Farm

RootBound Farm

Elmwood Stockfarm

 

Farm Labor Organizing Committee (FLOC): http://www.floc.com/wordpress/

 

Information about the H2A program: https://www.farmers.gov/manage/h2a

 

H2A Program in KY:

http://apps.kcc.ky.gov/employer/AlienLaborCert.aspx

 

Information about H.R. 5038 Work Force Modernization Act:

https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/116/hr5038

Farm Worker Modernization Act One Pager

https://www.calstrawberry.com/en-us/News/News-Details/farm-workforce-modernization-act-passes-out-of-house-in-congress

https://www.idahostatesman.com/opinion/readers-opinion/article238506133.html

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Beyond the Farm: It Takes a Village

Farmers Markets are vital to creating healthy communities and supporting our farm economy. Adventure with us to the Berea Farmers Market where you will hear from Market Manager, Faye Adams-Eaton and Berea College Student, Gerald Thomas about how they support their local farmers. You will also see marketing strategies they used to increase their Kentucky Double Dollars participation.

Created by Elijah Manning, Madison County Community Ambassador

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The Unlikely Urban Farmers of East Kentucky

By Ly Madden, Perry County Community Ambassador 

 

“That’s what God created on the eighth day, was a garden.”

Pictured are Ron, left, and Garnet, right, eating a plate of garden-grown veggies on their porch.

My old neighbor, Ron Weddington, is clearly goading his mother, Garnet, with that line. She’s on the porch with us, so he only gets away with his joke long enough to elaborate on that first line: On the 8th day God created gardeners to take care of all his bounty here on Earth. He can’t catch it sitting next to her, but she gives him the long eye that time, before she cuts in:

“Now where’d you get that? In the scriptures?”

“Well I just made it up Mom!”

“You don’t do that!”

He should know better, too. Earlier that night, when Garnet described the routine her family of eleven siblings and their parents followed on a seven-acre farm in Floyd County she was raised on, the only break from the daylight-to-dark shifts were their Sundays. “We never had to work on a Sunday, never. That was our day,” she says.

 

Pictured are four neighborhoods of Hazard: Woodland Park; downtown Hazard between the North Fork of the Kentucky River and Memorial Drive; the Backwoods to the East of Memorial Drive; and Walkertown to the North.

The seven-acre farm’s gone, but the Weddingtons have held onto to a two-plot garden in the heart of Hazard. Ron and his wife, Tammy, live with their son in the house next door to Garnet’s in Walkertown, the next neighborhood upriver from downtown Hazard. Tammy grew up in Rowdy, close to the Breathitt and Knott county lines and relatively far into Perry County, while Ron and Garnet have lived in Walkertown nearly their entire lives. Their homes share a yard, threaded through with a laundry line, and bookended by the strip of Main Street running through the heart of Walkertown on one side, and the Kentucky River on the other. Late at night in July, the insects are loud enough to crowd out the sound of cars exiting and entering Highway 15 a few blocks south.

5,000 or-so folks lived in Hazard at last count, a small town to most, with 5,000 or-so people that will tell you they live in a neighborhood within a city. Names for each neighborhood are popularly interpreted in a few of their origins – the Backwoods traces its name to platting books drawn around the time of campfire revivals, while Jenny Williams has told me a diary written in the same period gives a few blocks of that neighborhood a separate name, worth considering for historical accuracy in our local naming system. Walkertown and a handful of other neighborhoods kept the names they held before their incorporation into Hazard City limits. Along the Kentucky River, the City boundary crept outward first to Walkertown, and runs the length of two to three hours in boat-on the-water time to Airport Gardens, the last neighborhood before one leaves town.

The chain of distinct neighborhoods always gave Hazard the feel of a bigger city, where Walkertown sits neatly between tight-knit and-quiet and a close walk to downtown. Yards lean on the city side, smaller and close together, and while the weather is pleasant enough for folks to manage herbs and tomato plants in the backyard, within city limits one can be hard pressed to see the land for farming.

Still, Ron’s father, Bert, began a garden on the banks of the Kentucky River in the 1970s. It’s a garden Ron and Tammy still maintain, and a project Garnet’s always shepherded along. “I do everything that mom taught me to do,” Ron told me. “And the seed that we’re using, our green bean seed, that came from my great-grandmother, that I still raise today.”

Pictured are a few shelves of this year’s yield of green beans, the same passed down from Ron’s great-grandmother.

In Perry County, gardening’s popularity has waned within Hazard over Ron and Tammy’s lives. Out in Rowdy, where there’s wider parcels of land to live on and grocery stores are further away, Tammy’s grandmother raised a garden that could feed her entire family that she and her siblings helped tend, a practice that remained common outside of county seats.

“And I hated it!” Tammy says, ending with a laugh. “But now we do it a little bit different, and it’s a lot easier. I enjoy it today. And it’s not so – like, it was taboo when we were growing up. Only the poor kids had to work in their gardens, and make sure they had a big garden, cause they couldn’t afford to go to the grocery store and buy their food. So [growing up] we hated it, but I really, looking back I appreciate it, and I could always go to my grandmother’s, and she would always have food, always. And it was good food.”

Despite the decline in home gardening within county seats, Garnet, Tammy, and Ron have maintained the Walkertown garden behind Garnet’s home. So far this year, their yield’s held up, with their garden growing beans, corn, cabbage, onions, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, and kale. At this point, they’re waiting on a second crop of corn, sweet potatoes, and watermelon. In the truck shelter next to Garnet’s house, bunches of onions are tied to the beams, along the porch, the railing is lined with tomatoes. From everything I see and hear, it looks like a good year for the garden; still, Ron insists on changes for next year.

Pictured: A handful of the tomatoes from the garden, with the North Fork of the Kentucky River in the background.

“I planted too many watermelons in one hill. I knew not to plant too many, but I said, well I’m not gonna make a lot of hills, so I’ll just plant a lot of seeds in each hill. When you do that you get more bud than you do watermelon – so all my watermelons are just blooming, that’s all their doing. They’re not producing a whole lot of watermelons.” Garnet jumps in on that.

“You’re ‘sposed to pinch that runner off.”
“I know you are Mom, but you’re not supposed to plant 20 seeds in a hill too.”

It’s those exchanges between Ron and Garnet that bring to light how the Weddingtons have kept a garden big enough to feed themselves, their family, and their neighbors for close to 50 years while Hazard changed around them. Throughout our conversation, Tammy leans over to me, and points to Garnet: “the garden wouldn’t be what it is without her.”

And eating those beans Ron’s still growing from Garnet’s mother is enough to turn you off any other such plant. The Weddingtons don’t want to restrict their garden to family and friends only, either. I’ve asked Ron a few other times to sell the surplus produce they grow at the Perry County Farmers Market. He refuses to sell the food they grow, but would like to teach our neighbors in Walkertown to garden and find ways to distribute surplus for free to the community. In spite of their own family’s energy though, he’s fearful of where gardens will go from here.

“It’s hard to get people interested in gardening. It’s hot – the summer’s are getting hotter, the climate’s changing. But, people are gonna have to get back into gardening if they want healthy food, here in East Kentucky. Because you can’t go to Whole Foods. What you get at Food City, and Save-A-Lots, that’s all we have for grocery stores. There’s just not a whole lot to choose from, and if you want to buy organic, you’re gonna have to pay for it.”

The Weddingtons have all seen and cultivated real excitement in the folks they surround themselves with around home gardening, despite their own concerns. Tammy tells me Ron and her taught her sister to garden. That knowledge passes along too – her sister took the lessons Tammy and Ron gave her to help her father-in-law with his garden.

“He’s on dialysis, but he loved it, and he’s just got a small garden, but she went down and helped him with that, and that helped him. Got him out of the house, feeling better, just by doing that.”

When I leave Walkertown, Ron cuts a bunch of onions they’ve put away in their garage for me, and fills two grocery bags with tomatoes to send along as well. The hopes they hold to start a neighborhood food share day, to give out vegetables and fruits from their garden for free along with other gardeners, and teach their neighbors growing techniques all come from the same spirit that’s never let me leave the porch without at least walking down to pick out cucumbers. Earlier when I asked Tammy how growing food out in Perry County has been different from the garden she’s helping to raise now, she told me this:

“In the city you’re worried about your house looking pretty, your yard being perfect – out in the county, you’ve got a lot more land, your backyard, and so, you’ve got more room to work with, you’re not so much worried about prettiness as you are with food.”

For the Weddingtons though, I think the garden might make the house.

Pictured: The red, sweet, and yellow onions grown in the Weddingtons’ garden, strung up in their carport.

For support on starting your own garden, please reach out to our friends at Grow Appalachia. They have several sites across the region that support folks in growing their own food, the closest to Perry County being the Hindman Settlement School site, run by Olivia Harp. To learn more about Grow Appalachia please visit their website here.

 

 

Market Mindfulness

Market Mindfulness #9:The Importance of Collecting Daily Vendor Sales

By: Jennifer Weeber and Margie Stelzer, Farmers Market Support Program Technical Assistants

 

All markets participating in our FMSP and KDD grant programs are required to collect and report vendor sales data for their market. Vendors sometimes are reluctant to share that information because of concerns about vendor privacy and market managers are at a loss with how to collect that information. But, collecting vendor sales data is helpful to your market in so many ways, and, your vendors are ultimately the benefactors of such data which can be used to increase their sales

 

How to ease vendors’ reluctance:

  1. Share the positive effects collecting sales data could have on your market
  • Market Assessment: Vendor sales data gives the board important information about market operations. For instance, if you have a special event, you can evaluate what kind of impact that event had on sales to help you refine how you host the event in the future.
  • Community Support: You can use sales data to show the impact that your market has upon the local economy. This is especially helpful when approaching civic or governmental organization to ask for their support.
  • Grants: Vendor sales data is often needed when applying for grants for your market. Grants are awarded to help your vendors expand their sales, so you’ll need to prove that the grant had a positive effect on those sales.
  1. Make it Anonymous: Vendor slips can be handed to each vendor who then place it into a box, envelop or other receptacle at the end of the day, week, month or season. The vendors’ name is not on the slip so it cannot be traced back to them and the receptacle keeps other venders from viewing their sales data.
  2. Make it a requirement of the market: Let vendors know early in the season that sharing sales data will be done discretely and anonymously but will be required for every participating vendor. Most markets report that after getting over the hurdle of initiating a requirement to report sales, that almost all vendors comply with the regulation. As more markets across Kentucky require sales, it is becoming common practice and more normalized.
  3. Build gathering vendor sales data into the routine of your market: Just as you likely have a certain time for vendors to set up and care for other tasks within the market, make certain to set aside a time for sales data to be gathered. For example, you could have vendors do daily reporting as part of their cleaning up and checking out of the market or you could have vendors turn in vendor slips at the beginning market of each week for the previous week’s sales. Think about what will work best into the flow of your market.
  4. Engage your vendors in developing your sales data collection system: Creating a space in which your vendors can share their concerns and then work together to resolve their collective concerns can create trust in the system as well as buy-in from reluctant vendors. It also is a way for you, as the market manager, to identify and address issues up front that you may have not considered.
  5. Offer flexibility in your system/Be flexible: Figure out if there is any flexibility which you can offer to your vendors in how sales data is reported. For example, if using anonymous vendor slips, allow a vendor who is more concerned about another piece of paper to fill out than anonymity to tell the market manager his/her sales directly. Also, if the system you set up ends up not meeting your needs, be open to adjusting it. It may be helpful for your vendors to know going into sales data collection that there is some flexibility to make adjustments to better meet the needs of the market and vendors.

 

Once you begin to collect data, share that information back out to your vendors to show them the value of the data. If you collect daily sales, let them know what the peak sales day was the previous month and if that correlated with any special event. As you do your winter planning for the next season, use sales data to help the market schedule events to maximize sales. By combining your data from KDD with your market sales data, you can show the impact of the grant on the market.

 

Click Here for a few examples that other markets have used that could be useful for tracking your market sales. Please reach out to the CFA Farmers Market Support Team if we can be of further assistance to you. Good luck in your sales data collection adventures!

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Breaking Beans Radio Show #29: It’s History

Aired: June 6, 2018

“It’s History” shares two stories that highlight the importance of heritage in the mountains. Sister Kathy starts in Laurel County where she visited Wayne Riley, Director of the Laurel County African American Heritage Center. The Center is a museum honoring the African American communities in and around Laurel County. Wayne, came back to Laurel County to help keep the church he grew up in from being condemned by the city.  Wayne is also a member of CFA’s Board of Directors.

 

 

 

 

Next, Sister Kathy heads to Leslie County where Justin Brock, took her to visit with his grandmother-in-law Faye Bowling. Faye has lived near the same bend in Highway 421, all 84 years of her life. In this episode, Faye shares what it was like as a child in Eastern Kentucky in the 1940s. 

There’s talk of mustard greens, general stores and the best corn recipe you’ll ever eat, “It’s History” is worth the listen.